Portugal presents very interesting geological and geomorphological formations from a scientific point of view and for the sheer beauty of the landscape well worth preserving.

The fossil slope crowning the area known as Terras da Costa is a good example of this. Erosion is responsible for creating beautiful shapes where shades of ochre abound. Deep ravines and mountain passes topped with lush vegetation provide an extraordinary background for the neighbouring beaches.

Situated in the Setúbal peninsula where, generally speaking the geographical formation is long and narrow, the Protected Area extends between the “via rápida” (dual carriageway connecting Almada and Costa de Caparica) in the north and the Albufeira Lagoon in the south which represents an area of 1570 hectares.

The excellent Atlantic beaches with transparent water and long stretches of sand which stretch from Costa de Caparica to Fonte da Telha have conferred natural values of both recreational and touristic nature which must be protected and nurtured.

Traditional economic activities of this area are fishing and agriculture.

Albufeira Lagoon – It is thought to be a former channel of the Tagus from the Pliocene era.

Although it is situated outside the protected area, a reference to this important aquatic biotype is made because of the part it plays in harbouring migratory birds (water and mud birds) and fish. Extending 403ha the lake is a place with tranquil waters surrounded by green valleys. It is sought after in the summer for leisure and the practice of water sports.

Its ecological importance and the necessity to protect it mean that in the short term it will be incorporated into the protected area or will form an autonomous protected zone.

Sesimbra was inhabited by Romans and Moors. In the 12th century D. Afonso Henriques (the first king of Portugal) took it from the Moors but he lost it later to the Arabs again and only his son was able to conquer it definitely. The castle was built on the existent Arabic fortification and it was improved later, but it was progressively abandoned as the people settled near the sea. The sea gives Sesimbra a special charm and it also supports the people. Life in Sesimbra is traditionally connected with fishing. Nowadays Tourism also plays an important role.